
Construction. Referring
to the photo.
mount BNC connectors J2
and J3 on the
top of an appropriate
-size
metal utility
box. Then
mount
JZ
in
any location that
is
convenient but will
not interfere
with
the components in the circuit. Parts
placement
is not
too
critical, but keep
component leads
as
short
as possible.
Mount
a chassis solder
lug
as
shown.
and
wire
the components together.
Be
careful
to
observe
the proper
polarity
when
connecting D1 into the
circuit.
You can
use a
larger
utility
box
than
that shown
in the
photo
if you
want to
mount
the
meter in the same box
with
the
bridge circuit. In this case you could
eliminate the extra utility box and J1.
When the Wheatstone
Bridge
circuit
is fully assembled, place an arrow
on
the
top
of
the utility
box, pointing
it
from J2
Spare alternate
value resistor
is kept
handy
with
strip of electrical tape
(upper left
of
chassis).
toward J3 to
indicate
in
which
direction
the
r.f. is supposed to
flow.
(This arrow
shows
clearly
in the photo at the begin-
ning of
this
article.)
How
To
Use.
The
bridge
is
easiest
to
work
with
if
you mount it, the
GDO,
and
test
meter on a board
(see
photo on page
66).
After
mounting the
instruments,
in-
terconnect them with appropriate
r.f.
cable
and connectors, and place
the
GDO
and a pickup
loop
close enough
together
to obtain a full -scale
deflection
of the
pointer on
M1 (no
connection
to J3)
.
Temporarily
connect a 68 -ohm
carbon
resistor (a
52- or
75
-ohm resistor
if
ei-
ther of
these
values
was selected for R4 )
to antenna
jack J3. The full -scale
deflec-
tion should
drop to zero
to
indicate
the
null. And varying
the frequency
control
on the
GDO
should
not
disturb the null.
Now, remove
the
resistor
and
plug
in
your
antenna lead -in.
(This
must
be sin-
gle -ended coax
;
if
your
lead
-in is
twin
-
lead
cable, however, install
a Balun or
other transformer
arrangement to
con-
vert from
balanced to single -ended line.)
Vary
the
frequency
control of the
GDO;
a
null indication
should appear on MZ
in one
and
only
one position of the
con-
trol.
There
are two signs
of
trouble you
may
encounter
at
the null frequency
-an
off -frequency null requiring
the
retuning
of the antenna
system,
and
a
null
that is
neither
sharp
nor
complete, an indica-
tion that the antenna
is reactive
to all
frequencies.
If
the
null
doesn't appear at the ex-
pected frequency,
tune
in
the GDO's sig-
nal on your receiver. This
will
give
you
a
closer approximation of the actual output
frequency of the GDO
than
is
indicated
on
the GDO
dial.
Then,
from
the
receiv-
er's dial,
you
will be able to determine
whether the antenna system nulls
at
a
higher or lower frequency
and, conse-
quently, which
way to
tune the antenna.
For a
first
approximation,
increase
or de-
crease the antenna
length
by the same
percentage
that the
frequency is high
or
low, respectively.
The shallow null may be a more diffi-
cult problem to deal with.
In
this case,
first examine the antenna system for
poor workmanship, corroded contacts
and joints,
out -of- parallel open -wire lead -
in, and
large
wire
loops
that
might
affect
transmission
line characteristics. Make
certain that
neither of the antenna
ele-
ments
is nearer
to
a
large
physical ob-
ject than
the
other
is.
The capacitive or
inductive
loading
of
some
nearby object might make
it neces-
sary to unbalance
the
antenna physically
to obtain an
electrical balance. It's
all
right
if one
element is shorter
than the
other when
you're
finished
-just
so the
antenna
system works properly.
Finally,
when
your
antenna system
provides you
with
good readings,
take
notes on the
way
you performed
your
tests and
how
you set up the test condi-
tions.
Then, periodically recheck your
an-
tenna system. You'll be
surprised
how
often you
discover deterioration. -3@-
April,
1969
67
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